The framework of the Trilateral European group is the European Union (formerly the European Community). Thus the country coverage of the Trilateral European group has grown as the European Community has grown. The Trilateral Commission was launched in mid-1973, shortly after the enlargement which brought Denmark, the United Kingdom, and Ireland into the European Community. Spanish and Portuguese groups were formed in the late 1970s, looking toward the entry of Spain and Portugal into the European Community. In more recent years, Austrian, Swedish and Finnish groups have been formed in advance of the entry of these countries into European Union. A Greek group was added. Several additional national groups were formed as the European Union enlarged to Central and Eastern Europe. The one non-EU country represented in the Trilateral European group is Norway. The consultations that went into the formation of the Trilateral Commission took place before the 1972 referendum which unexpectedly went against Norway joining the European Community.
The 170-member ceiling for the European group is divided into national quotas. Germany has a quota of 20; France, Italy, and the United Kingdom each have a quota of 18; and Spain has a quota of 12. The remaining national quotas range from 6 to 1. A list of current members is available from the European office at the above address.
The European Group enlarged to Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Estonia and Cyprus in 1998, and to Bulgaria and Romania in 2004 meets once a year in the Autumn Prague in 2002, Porto in 2003, Berlin in 2004, Madrid in 2005, Turin in 2006, Vienna in 2007, Paris in 2008 during France’s EU Presidency, Oslo in 2009 and Bucharest in 2010. European members beyond their “Trilateral” engagement are also committed to the pursuit of the European unification process. NATIONAL GROUP meetings in Europe are likewise held intermittently.
The idea of a unifying Europe playing a larger role on the global stage has been a driving idea in the Trilateral Commission from the beginning. Several of the leaders of the Trilateral European group worked closely with Jean Monnet and have had prominent roles in the building of Europe, including Max Kohnstamm (European Chairman, 1973-76), Georges Berthoin (European Chairman, 1976-92), and François Duchene (European Deputy Chairman, 1974-76). Other former European Deputy Chairmen include Egidio Ortona and Garret FitzGerald.
The emphasis given to a unifying Europe playing a larger role on the global stage makes it therefore important for the European group to meet on its own as well as with North American and Japanese colleagues.
Mario Monti, elected European Chairman for the current 2010-2012 Triennium, will be assisted in his tasks at the helm of the European Group by an Advisory Group chaired by Lord Kerr.
Several national groups within the European Group have some activities of their own. The German Group, for example, organizes discussion meetings with the German members of the Trilateral Commission and important policy-makers and occasionally publishes Trilateral reports in German translation.
THE TRILATERAL COMMISSION
OCTOBER 2010
*Executive Committee
MARIO MONTI, European Chairman
JOSEPH S. NYE, JR., North American Chairman
YOTARO KOBAYASHI, Pacific Asian Chairman
VLADIMIR DLOUHY, European Deputy Chairman
ALLAN E. GOTLIEB, North American Deputy Chairman
HAN SUNG-JOO, Pacific Asian Deputy Chairman
MICHAEL FUCHS, European Deputy Chairman
LORENZO H. ZAMBRANO, North American Deputy Chairman
SHIJURO OGATA, Pacific Asian Deputy Chairman
DAVID ROCKEFELLER, Founder and Honorary Chairman
PETER SUTHERLAND, European Honorary Chairman
GEORGES BERTHOIN, European Honorary Chairman
PAUL A. VOLCKER, North American Honorary Chairman
PAUL RÉVAY, European Director
MICHAEL J. O’NEIL, North American Director
TADASHI YAMAMOTO, Pacific Asian Director
EUROPEAN GROUP
Alexandre Adler, Scientific Director for Geopolitics, University of Paris-Dauphine; Journalist and Commentator, Paris
Urban Ahlin, Member of the Swedish Parliament and Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Stockholm
Esko Aho, Executive Vice President, Nokia, Helsinki; former Prime Minister of Finland
*Edmond Alphandéry, Chairman, CNP Assurances, Paris; former Chairman, Electricité de France (EDF); former Minister of the Economy and Finance
Jacques Andréani, Ambassadeur de France, Paris; former Ambassador to the United States
Jorge Armindo, Chairman, Amorim Turismo, Lisbon
Jerzy Baczynski, Editor-in-Chief, Polityka, Warsaw
Patricia Barbizet, Chief Executive Officer and Member of the Board of Directors, Artémis Group, Paris
Estela Barbot, Director, AGA; Director, Bank Santander Negocios; Member of the General Council, AEP — Portuguese Business Association, Porto; General Honorary Consul of Guatemala, Lisbon
*Erik Belfrage, Senior Vice President, Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken; Director, Investor AB, Stockholm
Marek Belka, President, National Bank of Poland, Warsaw; former Director, European Department, International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C.; former Executive Secretary, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Geneva; former Prime Minister and Minister of Finance of Poland; former Ambassador-at-Large and Chairman, Council for International Coordination, Coalition Provisional Authority, Baghdad
Baron Jean-Pierre Berghmans, Chairman of the Executive Board, Lhoist Group, Limelette, Belgium
*Georges Berthoin, International Honorary Chairman, European Movement; Honorary Chairman, The Jean Monnet Association; Honorary European Chairman, The Trilateral Commission, Paris
Nicolas Beytout, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Groupe Les Echos; former Editor of Le Figaro and Les Echos, Paris
Carl Bildt, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Sweden; former Chairman, Kreab Group of public affairs companies; former Chairman, Nordic Venture Network, Stockholm; former Member of the Swedish Parliament, Chairman of the Moderate Party and Prime Minister of Sweden; former European Union High Representative in Bosnia-Herzegovina & UN Special Envoy to the Balkans
Manfred Bischoff, Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Daimler AG, Munich; former Member of the Board of Management, Daimler AG; former Chairman, EADS
Antonio Borges, Chairman, Hedge Fund Standards Board, London
Ana Patricia Botin, Executive Chairman, Banesto; Vice Chairman, Urbis; Member of the Management Committee, Santander Group, Madrid
Jean-Louis Bourlanges, Member, State Audit Court (Cour des Comptes), Paris; Associated Professor, Institute for Political Studies in Paris; former Member of the European Parliament, Brussels; former President of the European Movement in France, Paris
*Jorge Braga de Macedo, President, Tropical Research Institute, Lisbon; Professor of Economics, Nova University at Lisbon; Chairman, Forum Portugal Global; former Minister of Finance
*Lord Brittan of Spennithorne, Vice Chairman, UBS Investment Bank, London; Trade Adviser to the Prime Minister; former Vice President, European Commission
Jean-Louis Bruguière, EU High Representative to the United States on the Terrorist Finance Tracking Programme (TFTP/SWIFT); Judge, Paris
John Bruton, former European Union Ambassador & Head, Delegation of the European Commission to the United States; former Prime Minister of Ireland, Dublin
Robin Buchanan, Senior Adviser, Bain & Company, London; former Dean and President, London Business School
*François Bujon de l’Estang, Ambassadeur de France; Chairman, Citi France, Paris; former Ambassador to the United States
Edelgard Bulmahn, Member of the German Bundestag; former Federal Minister, Berlin
Richard Burrows, Chairman, British American Tobacco, London; former Governor, Bank of Ireland; former President, IBEC (The Irish Business and Employers Confederation), Dublin
Erhard Busek, Chairman, Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe (IDM); President, EU-Russia Centre; President, European Forum Alpbach; former Special Co-ordinator of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe; Former Vice-Chancellor and Federal Minister, Vienna
Hervé de Carmoy, Chairman of the Supervisory Board, ETAM, Paris; Honorary Chairman, Banque Industrielle et Mobilière Privée, Paris; former Chief Executive, Société Générale de Belgique
Salvatore Carrubba, Director of Strategies and Columnist, Il Sole 24 Ore, Milan; former Culture Alderman, Municipality of Milan
Jürgen Chrobog, Chairman, BMW Herbert Quandt Foundation, Munich; former German Deputy Foreign Minister and Ambassador to the United States
Luc Coene, Minister of State; Deputy Governor, National Bank of Belgium, Brussels
Bertrand Collomb, Honorary Chairman, Lafarge; Chairman, Institut des Hautes Etudes pour la Science et la Technologie (IHEST); Chairman, Institut Français des Relations Internationales (IFRI); Member of the Institut de France, Paris
Patrick Combes, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Compagnie Financière Tradition and Viel & Cie., Paris
Iain Conn, Managing Director and Chief Executive of Refining & Marketing, BP, London
*Richard Conroy, Chairman, Conroy Diamonds & Gold, Dublin; Member of Senate, Republic of Ireland
Jean-François Copé, Member of the French National Assembly; Chairman of the UMP Parliamentary Group; Former Member of the French Government, Paris
Eckhard Cordes, Chief Executive Officer, Metro Group, Düsseldorf; former CEO Haniel, Duisburg; former Member of the Board, DaimlerChrysler
*Alfonso Cortina, Vice Chairman of Rothschild Europe; Senior Advisor for Spain and Latin America of Rothschild; Senior Advisor for Spain of Texas Pacific Group; Member of the Board of Directors of Mutua Madrileña; Member of the International Advisory Board of Allianz AG, Madrid
Eduardo Costa, Executive Vice Chairman, Banco Finantia, Lisbon; Member, Forum Portugal Global
Enrico Tomaso Cucchiani, Member of the Board of Management, Allianz SE, Munich; Chairman, Allianz S.p.A., Trieste
Caroline Daniel, Editor, FT Weekend, Financial Times, London
Michel David-Weill, Former Chairman, Lazard LLC, worldwide; Chairman of the Supervisory Board, EURAZEO, Paris
*Vladimir Dlouhy, International Advisor, Goldman Sachs; former Czechoslovak Minister of Economy; former Czech Minister of Industry & Trade, Prague; European Deputy Chairman, Trilateral Commission
Pedro Miguel Echenique, Professor of Physics, University of the Basque Country; President, Foundation Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC); former Basque Minister of Education, San Sebastian
Gabriel Eichler, Founder, Benson Oak, Prague
John Elkann, Chairman, Fiat Group, Turin
Anna Ekström, President, The Swedish Confederation of Professional Associations, Saco, Stockholm
Guy Elliott, Finance Director, Rio Tinto, London
Oscar Fanjul, Vice Chairman, Omega Capital; former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Repsol, Madrid
Nemesio Fernandez-Cuesta, Executive Director of Upstream, Repsol-YPF; former Chairman, Prensa Española, Madrid
Jürgen Fitschen, Member of the Management Board and Member of the Group Executive Committee, Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt-am-Main
Klaus-Dieter Frankenberger, Foreign Editor, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Frankfurt am Main
Louise Fresco, University Professor, University of Amsterdam; Member of the Board of non-executive Directors, RABO Bank, Utrecht; former Assistant Director-General, Head of Agriculture Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome
Hugh Friel, Chairman, Tourism Ireland; former Chief Executive Officer, Kerry Group, Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
*Michael Fuchs, Member of the German Bundestag, Berlin; Deputy Chairman of the CDU/CSU Parliamentary Group; former President, National Federation of German Wholesale & Foreign Trade; European Deputy Chairman, Trilateral Commission
*Antonio Garrigues Walker, Chairman, Garrigues Abogados y Asesores Tributarios, Madrid
Wolfgang Gerhardt, Member of the German Bundestag; Chairman of the Friedrich-Naumann Foundation; former Chairman of the Free Democratic Party, Berlin
Lord Gilbert, Member of the House of Lords; former Minister for Defence, London
Esther Giménez-Salinas, Rector, Ramon Llull University; Professor of Criminal Law, ESADE Law School, Ramon Llull University, Barcelone
Dermot Gleeson, Chairman of the Governing Body of University College Cork, and of Travelport Jersey Ltd.; former Chairman, AIB Group, Dublin
Stephen Green, Group Chairman, HSBC, London; Chairman, British Bankers’ Association; Chairman, Prime Minister’s Business Council for Britain
Pierfrancesco Guarguaglini, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Finmeccanica, Rome
Federica Guidi, Chief Executive and Vice President, DUCATI Energia, Bologna; Member of the Board of Directors, DUCATI Energia Group; National President of Confindustria Young Entrepreneurs
Elisabeth Guigou, Deputy Chairman and Member of the French National Assembly; former Minister for European Affairs, Paris
General The Lord Guthrie, Director, N M Rothschild & Sons, London; Member of the House of Lords; former Chief of the Defence Staff, London
Helga Hernes, Senior Advisor, PRIO (International Peace Research Institute Oslo); Chair, Norwegian Parliamentary Intelligence Oversight Committee, Oslo; former Norwegian Ambassador
Nigel Higgins, Chief Executive, The Rothschild Group, London
Wolfgang Ischinger, Global Head of Government Relations, Allianz SE, Munich; Chairman, The Munich Security Conference on Security Policy; former European Member of the Troïka on the Kosovo Status Determination; former German Deputy Foreign Minister and former German Ambassador to the United States and to the United Kingdom
*Mugur Isarescu, Governor, National Bank of Romania, Bucharest; former Prime Minister
Baron Daniel Janssen, Honorary Chairman, Solvay, Brussels
Lady Barbara Judge, Chairman, UK Pension Protection Fund, London; former Chairman, UKAEA (United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority); former US Securities Exchange Commissioner
*Béla Kadar, Member of the Hungarian Academy, Budapest; Member of the Monetary Council of the National Bank; President of the Hungarian Economic Association; former Ambassador of Hungary to the O.E.C.D., Paris; former Hungarian Minister of International Economic Relations and Member of Parliament
Admiral Juhani Kaskeala, former Chief of the Finnish Defence Forces, Helsinki
Robert Kassai, General Vice President, The National Association of Craftmen’s Corporations, Budapest
*Lord Kerr of Kinlochard, Deputy Chairman, Royal Dutch Shell plc; Member of the House of Lords, London; former British Ambassador to the United States; former Secretary General, European Convention; Chairman of the Advisory Group to the Trilateral Commission (Europe)
*Sixten Korkman, Managing Director, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA) & Finnish Business and Policy Forum (EVA), Helsinki
Arpad Kovacs, Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Hungarian Power Companies; Professor, Szeged University; former President, State Audit Office of Hungary, Budapest
Gabor Kovacs, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bankar Holding; Founder, KOGART (the Kovacs Gabor Art Foundation), Budapest
Jerzy Kozminski, President and Chief Executive Officer, Polish-American Freedom Foundation; former Ambassador to the United States; former First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Warsaw
Ivan Krastev, Chairman of the Board and Programme Director for Political Research, Centre for Liberal Strategies, Sofia; Editor-in-Chief, Bulgarian Edition, Foreign Policy
Jiri Kunert, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, UniCredit Bank Czech Republic; President of the Czech Association of Banks, Prague
Ulysses Kyriacopoulos, Chairman, S&B Group; former Chairman, Federation of Greek Industries, Athens
Anne Lauvergeon, Chief Executive Officer, AREVA, Paris
*Eli Leenaars, Member, ING Management Board Banking; Vice Chairman, Netherlands Banker’s Association, Amsterdam
Ulrich Lehner, Chairman of the Board of Deutsche Telekom, Bonn; President of the German Chemical Industry Association (VCI), Frankfurt am Main; Member of the Shareholders´ Committee of Henkel, Düsseldorf; former Chief Executive Officer, Henkel, Düsseldorf
Enrico Letta, Member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies; former Under State Secretary in the Office of Prime Minister Prodi; former Minister of European Affairs, Industry, and of Industry and International Trade, Rome
*Thomas Leysen, Chairman of the Board, Umicore, Brussels
*Marianne Lie, Partner, Vox Politica; former Director General, Norwegian Shipowner’s Association, Oslo
Erkki Liikanen, Chairman of the Board, Bank of Finland, Helsinki; former Finnish Minister of Finance; former European Commissioner
Peter Löscher, Chief Executive Officer, Siemens, Munich
Abel Matutes, Chairman, Empresas Matutes Group, Ibiza; former Member of the European Commission, Brussels; former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Madrid
Lord Mandelson, Member of the House of Lords; former Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise & Regulatory Reform; former Member of the European Commission (Trade), Brussels; former Secretary of State to Northern Ireland and for Trade and Industry, United Kingdom
Friedrich Merz, President, Atlantik-Brücke, Berlin; Partner, Mayer Brown, Berlin; former Member of the German Bundestag; former Member of the European Parliament; former Chairman of the Parliamentary Group of the CDU/CSU in the Bundestag, Berlin
Peter Mitterbauer, Honorary President, The Federation of Austrian Industry, Vienna; President and Chief Executive Officer, Miba, Laakirchen
Dominique Moïsi, Special Advisor to the Director General of the French Institute for International Relations (IFRI), Paris
*Mario Monti, President, Bocconi University, Milan; former Member of the European Commission (Competition Policy and Internal Market); Honorary President, BRUEGEL, Brussels; European Chairman, Trilateral Commission
Sir Mark Moody-Stuart, Chairman, The Global Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; former Chairman, Anglo American; former Chairman, Royal Dutch/Shell Group, London
Klaus-Peter Müller, Chairman of the Board, Commerzbank, Frankfurt-am-Main; former CEO, Commerzbank, Frankfurt-am-Main; former President, Association of German Banks (BDB), Berlin
Harald Norvik, Chairman of the Board, Telenor; Member of the Board, Conocophillips; former President and Chief Executive, Statoil, Oslo
Ewald Nowotny, Governor of the Austrian National Bank; former Chief Executive Officer, BAWAG P.S.K., Vienna
Denis O’Brien, Chairman, Digicel; Founder, Communicorp Group, Dublin
Arend Oetker, President, German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP); Vice Chairman, Federation of German Industries; Managing Director, Dr. Arend Oetker Holding, Berlin
*Andrzej Olechowski, Founder, Civic Platform; former Chairman, Bank Handlowy; former Minister of Foreign Affairs and of Finance, Warsaw
Richard Olver, Chairman, BAE Systems, London
Dimitry Panitza, Founding Chairman, The Free and Democratic Bulgaria Foundation; Founder and Chairman, The Bulgarian School of Politics, Sofia
Lucas Papademos, Former Vice President, European Central Bank, Frankfurt-am-Main; Honorary Governor of the Bank of Greece
Lord Patten of Barnes, Chancellor of the University of Oxford; Co-Chairman, International Crisis Group, Brussels; former Member of the European Commission (External Relations), Brussels; former Governor of Hong Kong; former Member of the British Cabinet, London
Volker Perthes, Chairman and Director, German Institute for International and Security Affairs, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), Berlin
Carlo Pesenti, Managing Director, Italcementi, Bergamo
Dieter Pfundt, Senior Advisor, Silvia Quandt & Cie., Frankfurt-am-Main
*Ursula Plassnik, Member of the Austrian Parliament; Special Envoy for International Women Issues; former Federal Minister for European and International Affairs, Vienna
Ignacio Polanco, Chairman, Grupo Prisa including El Pais and Timon, Madrid
Roberto Poli, Chairman, ENI, Rome
Benoît Potier, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Air Liquide, Paris
Borja Prado, Chairman, Endesa; Chairman, Mediobanca Spain for Iberia and South-America, Madrid
Dieter Rampl, Chairman, UniCredit Group, Milan
Luigi Ramponi, Member of the Italian Senate; former Chairman of the Defence Committee of the Chamber of Deputies, Rome; former Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Italian Army)
Denis Ranque, Chairman, Technicolor, Paris; former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Thales, Paris
Wanda Rapaczynski, Advisor to the Supervisory Board and former President of the Management Board, Agora, Warsaw
Heinz Riesenhuber, Member of the German Bundestag; former Federal Minister of Research and Technology, Berlin; Chairman of the Supervisory Boards of Kabel Deutschland and of Evotec
Steen Riisgaard, President and Chief Executive Officer, Novozymes, Copenhagen
Alexander Rinnooy Kan, Chairman, Social and Economic Council of the Netherlands (SER), The Hague
Gianfelice Rocca, Chairman, Techint Group of Companies, Milan; Vice President, Confindustria, Rome
Fernando Rodés Vilà, Chief Executive Officer, Havas Group, Barcelona & Paris
H. Onno Ruding, Chairman, Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), Brussels; former Vice Chairman, Citibank; former Dutch Minister of Finance
*Ferdinando Salleo, Vice Chairman, MCC (Mediocredito Centrale), Rome; former Ambassador to the United States
Enrico Salza, Former Chairman of the Management Board, Intesa Sanpaolo, Turin
Jacques Santer, Honorary State Minister, Luxembourg; former Member of the European Parliament; former President of the European Commission; former Prime Minister of Luxembourg
Andreas Schmitz, President, Association of German Banks (BDB), Berlin; Chief Executive Officer, HSBC Trinkaus & Burkhardt, Düsseldorf
Henning Schulte-Noelle, Chairman of the Supervisory Board and former Chief Executive Officer, Allianz, Munich
Karel Schwarzenberg, Member of the Czech Senate; Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs; Founder and Director, Nadace Bohemiae, Prague; former Chancellor to President Havel
*Carlo Secchi, Professor of European Economic Policy and former Rector, Bocconi University; Vice President, ISPI, Milan; former Member of the Italian Senate and of the European Parliament
*Tøger Seidenfaden, Editor-in-Chief, Politiken, Copenhagen
Maurizio Sella, Chairman, Gruppo Banca Sella, Biella; former Chairman, Association of Italian Banks (A.B.I.), Rome
Tomasz Sielicki, Vice Chairman, Sygnity, Warsaw
Slawomir S. Sikora, Chief Executive Officer and Citigroup Country Officer for Poland, Bank Handlowy w Warszawie, Warsaw
Yves-Thibault de Silguy, Chairman, VINCI, Paris
Stefano Silvestri, President, Institute for International Affairs (IAI), Rome; Commentator, Il Sole 24 Ore; former Under Secretary of State for Defence, Italy
Lord Simon of Highbury, Member of the House of Lords; Non-Executive Director of GDF Suez Group; Senior Adviser of Morgan Stanley International; former Deputy Chairman of Unilever; former Minister for Trade & Competitiveness in Europe; former Chairman of BP, London
Nicholas Soames, Member of the British Parliament, London
Javier Solana, President, ESADE Center for Global Economic and Geopolitics; Advisor on International Strategy, Acciona Group, Madrid; former Secretary General of the Council of the European Union and EU High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy; former Secretary General of NATO; former Minister for Foreign Affairs of Spain and Member of the Parliament, Madrid
Sir Martin Sorrell, Chief Executive Officer, WPP Group, London
*Petar Stoyanov, former President of the Republic of Bulgaria; Member of the Bulgarian Parliament
and Chairman of Parliamentary Group of United Democratic Forces; Chairman of Union of Democratic Forces, Sofia
Peter Straarup, Chairman of the Executive Board, Danske Bank, Copenhagen; Chairman, the Danish Bankers Association
*Peter Sutherland, Chairman, Goldman Sachs International; Chairman of the London School of Economics; UN Special Representative for Migration and Development; former Chairman, BP p.l.c.; former Director General, GATT/WTO; former Member of the European Commission; former Attorney General of Ireland; Honorary European Chairman, Trilateral Commission
Mihai Tanasescu, Senior Adviser and Member of the Executive Board, International Monetary Fund (IMF); former Minister of Public Finance of Romania, Bucharest
Andreas Treichl, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Erste Bank der Oesterreichischen Sparkassen, Vienna
Marco Tronchetti Provera, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Pirelli & C., Milan; Deputy Chairman, Confindustria, Rome; former Chairman, Telecom Italia
Elsbeth Tronstad, Executive Vice President, SN Power; former Executive Director, Confederation of Norwegian Enterprise (NHO); former Executive Vice President, ABB, Oslo
Loukas Tsoukalis, Special Adviser to the President of the European Commission; Professor at the University of Athens and the College of Europe; President of the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP), Athens
Jens Ulltveit-Moe, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, UMOE Group; former President, Federation of Norwegian Industry; former President, Norwegian Shipowners Federation, Oslo
*Raivo Vare, Owner, Live Nature Eesti OÜ; Partner, Sthenos Group and OÜ RVVE Group; Chairman of the Council of the Parliament’s Development Fund, Member of the President’s Academic Advisory Board; former Minister of State and former Minister of Transport and Communication, Tallinn
*George Vassiliou, former Head of the Negotiating Team for the Accession of Cyprus to the European Union; former President of the Republic of Cyprus; former Member of Parliament and Leader of United Democrats, Nicosia
Franco Venturini, Senior Editorial Commentator on Foreign Affairs, Corriere della Sera, Rome
Margrethe Vestager, Member of the Danish Parliament; Chairwoman of the Social Liberal Party Parliamentary Group; former Minister of Education, Copenhagen
Janne Virkkunen, Senior Editor-in-Chief, Helsingin Sanomat, Helsinki
*Marko Voljc, Chief Executive Officer, Central and Eastern Europe and Russia Business Unit and Member of the Executive Committee, KBC Group, Brussels; former Chief Executive Officer, Nova Ljubljanska Banka, Ljubljana
Alexandr Vondra, Member of the Czech Senate; Minister of Defence; former Deputy Prime Minister for European Affairs; former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prague
Joris Voorhoeve, Member of the Council of State; former Member of the Dutch Parliament; former Minister of Defence, The Hague
*Panagis Vourloumis, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Hellenic Telecommunications Organization (O.T.E.), Athens
Peter Wallenberg Jr., Chairman, Foundation Asset Management Sweden AB (FAM), Stockholm
*Heinrich Weiss, Chief Executive Officer, SMS, Düsseldorf; former Chairman, Federation of German Industries, Berlin
Nout Wellink, President, Dutch Central Bank, Amsterdam
Hans Wijers, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Akzo Nobel, Arnhem
Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, Co-Chief Executive Officer, UBS Investment Bank, London
Matthias Wissmann, President, The German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA), Berlin; former Member of German Bundestag; former Federal Minister
Emilio Ybarra, former Chairman, Banco Bilbao-Vizcaya, Madrid
Lene Espersen, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Denmark
Grete Faremo, Minister for Defence; former Norwegian Minister of Development Cooperation, Minister of Justice and Minister of Oil and Energy, Oslo
Lykke Friis, Minister for Climate and Energy and Gender Equality; former Pro-Rector, University of Copenhagen; Member of the EU Reflection Group on the Future of Europe (Horizon 2020-2030), Copenhagen
Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of the Republic of Estonia, Tallinn
Francis Maude, Member
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